3rd Edition of Diabetes and Endocrinology World Conference 2027

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Magnitude of diabetes mellitus specifically among Type II patients is rising globally, regionally, and locally in many African countries including Ethiopia. Hence, it is crucial to figure out the level of glycemic control, understand the contributing factors and develop a framework to existing guideline and system in Ethiopia. This systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with glycemic control in Ethiopia from January, 2018 to August, 2024.

Methods: PubMed, Google scholar, Semantic scholar, Science direct databases from 2018 to 2023 search was conducted and only English language used. All observational studies and studies that reported the prevalence of glycemic control and factors associated were included. Critical appraisal tool used to assess quality of studies. Egger’s test and I² statistical analysis were used to check publication bias and heterogeneity of studies, respectively. Sub-group analysis across regions and sensitivity test was also conducted. All analysis was done using STATA v-17 software. International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registered this study with registration number CRD42023472999.

Results: A total of 28 studies, involving 10,298 participants were included. The pooled prevalence of poor glycemic control was 46 %( 95% CI: 38%-53%). The prevalence ranged from 37% to 55% in Ethiopia. The glycemic level using glycated haemoglobin (HbAc) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) was 44% and 46%, respectively. There is significant change in glycemic control rate by year in the meta-regression. Factors associated with glycemic control were socio-demographic factors (age, sex, residence), life style factors (smoking, dietary practice, physical activity), treatment related and clinical factors (presence of comorbidity/complications, diet adherence, duration of the disease, physical activity).

Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is prevalent among adult diabetes patients with type‑2 in Ethiopia and poses a significant public health challenge. Existing healthcare system needs change in Ethiopia warranting effective financing, design and implementation of effective glycemic control strategies, and enables the identification of effective interventions by considering associated factors.